Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Accelerating Parallel Image Reconstruction Using Random Projection Prologue Random projection has been used for data dimension reduction . The concept of random projection is related to compressed sensing , a topic that has attracted many attentions recently. By...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Compressed Sensing MRI Parallel imaging has led to revolutionary progress in the field of rapid MRI in the past two decades. However, as discussed in the previous section, the maximum acceleration that can be achieved in parallel imaging is limited by the number and...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
The Need for Speed in MRI MR imaging speed is of critical importance in many clinical applications. However, the imaging speed with which gradient-encoded MR images can be acquired is fundamentally limited by the sequential nature of gradient-based MR acquisitions, in...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
MR Image Reconstruction As shown in Eq. (2.11), MR signal from a two-dimensional plane is a spatial integration of the spin density against the sinusoidal spatial modulation generated by encoding gradients. In other words, the MR signal comprises projections of the...
Computer, data mining, database of image, Medicine
Spatial Encoding and k-Space Formalism Following slice selection, the in-plane spatial information now can be further encoded with two additional gradients, known as frequency-encoding and phase-encoding gradients. In 2D imaging, the received MRI signal can be...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
MRI Signal NMR Phenomenon The physical phenomenon behind MRI is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which was first discovered in the 1940s. An atomic nucleus with an odd number of protons possesses an angular momentum J called spin, which generates a tiny magnetic...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive and powerful imaging modality, with a broad range of applications in both clinical diagnosis and basic scientific research. Comparing to other medical imaging modalities, MRI does not use...
Computer, data mining, database of image
Bayesian Statistics A hypothesis is nothing more than a claim or premise that one is interested in verifying. In imaging and spectroscopy, one example is that at a certain location in the eld of view, the hypothesis is that a spectrum is present. Another hypothesis is...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing
Principal Component Analysis Principal component analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction technique that attempts to recast a dataset in a manner that nds correlations in data that may not be evident in their native basis and creates a set of basis vectors in...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Practical Considerations in Computational Sensing Computational sensing as a eld is continuing to grow at a rapid pace. The number of journal publications related to computational sensing has steadily increased every year since 2008 . There is now a major Optical...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing
Compressive Sensing Traditionally, in order to increase the resolution of a sensor, one had to increase the number of measurements. This means that the SWAP-C must also increase. A camera with just a few megapixels FPA costs less than one with hundreds of megapixels....
Communication, Computer, data mining, database of image
The Digital Imaging Revolution The invention of the Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) FPA by Boyle and Smith in 1969 was a major breakthrough for entire elds and industries who depended on the reliable sampling, storage and transmission of optical signals . The CCD is the...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Indirect Imaging While Golay, Fennimore, and others were leveraging multiplexing to eliminate trade offs in traditional sensors, an entirely disparate group of researchers were working on imaging techniques for which there was no isomorphic analog. In these cases the...
Computer, data mining, database of image
Practical Consideration In Experimental Computional Sensing Forward Models and Inverse Problems In the computational sensing community, a model that explains the mapping of the signal-of-interest to the measurement data is called the forward model . The problem of...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing
Development of Multiplexing in Sensing Multiplexing in sensing is the idea that each measurement sample is a physical combination of various parts of the analog signal-of-interest. Multiplexing is a powerful tool that can be exploited by the sensor designer to...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing
Isomorphic Sensing In Greek, the word isomorphic loosely translates to \equal in form.” Traditional sensors perform isomorphic sensing. In the context of this dissertation, an isomorphic sensor is any sensor which attempts to produces measurement data that...
Computer, data mining, database of image, image processing, Medicine
Efficient Cell Segmentation and Tracking of Developing Plant Meristem Introduction Proper understanding of the causal relationship between cell growth patterns and gene expression dynamics is one of the major topics of interest in developmental biology. Information...
Computer, data mining, database of image
Object Counting In Image Processing Object counting, which is the estimation of the number of objects in a still image or video frame, is a tedious and time consuming task in image processing. It appears in a wide range of domains: biology (cell counting in...
Computer, data mining, database of image
Image Analysis: Segmentation and Registration A local spatio-temporal coordination of cell growth and cell division plays a critical role in morphogenesis of both the plant and the animal tissues. The causal link between cell growth and cell division patterns and how...
Communication, data mining, database of image
Solar Prediction The introduction of Solar Power Plants (SPPs) will have different financial effect in the MP and the PAB scheme. These effects are a function of market price, which depends on the bids of participants. Although the assumption of perfect competition...
Computer, data mining, database of image
Description of a Digital Image Processing System There are many parts involved in processing an image. Figure 6 illustrates the components involved in the digital image processing system. The following list explains each art present in Figure 6. Sensor : The initial...
Computer, database of image
Applications of Digital Image Processing in the Electromagnetic Spectrum Digital image processing can be categorized into applications based on the sources of the images used. The primary source for images is the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Secondary sources 2 include...
data mining, database of image
Embedded System The embedded system consists of three types of hardware components and a user interface. First, we have the sensors. Numerous passive and active sensors are used to monitor the patient’s activities and location within the home. Second, a number of...
data mining, database of image
Dalvik Inspector To establish the environment for conducting the tool analysis of Dalvik Inspector alpha (DI), various attempts to build a test environment were assembled on variety of operating systems and hardware. Each was configured with a minimum suite of...
database of image, image processing, Medicine
Clinical Dose Reduction Strategies Some clinically used strategies for dose optimization will be briefly discussed in this subsection. It is notable that for dose optimization, the exam must be performed using doses that are As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA),...
data mining, database of image
Iterative Reconstruction The quality of the images reconstructed by standard FBP algorithms depend on several assumptions about scanner geometry and raw data, such as continuity of the projections and noiseless measurements, which are typically violated. The...
database of image, image processing
Diffusion Weighted Imaging The free diffusion of water due to Brownian motion forms the basis for the development of diffusion MRI. In 1965 Stejskal and Tanner published a landmark paper describing an MR spin-echo pulse sequence that allowed the detection of the...
data mining, database of image
Compressed Sensing in Local CT Reconstruction One potential method for reducing the radiation dose is to limit the exposure area to those regions that need to be examined, as illustrated in figure 1. Reconstruction methods based on the FBP technique are non-local...
database of image
In order to proceed with analysis of the data it is very important to have a data mining process. There are various data mining methodologies; these methodologies attempt to shape the way a data analyst approaches the steps to perform the data mining tasks. The two...
