Hypothalamic Descending Modulation of Trigeminovascular Pain The hypothalamus has been implicated in various facets of migraine. Hypothalamic activation was observed during spontaneous migraine attacks in a study using PET scans of migraine sufferers (Denuelle et al.,...
Central Descending Modulation of Trigeminovascular Pain Trigeminal nociception may be modulated internally, beginning in the cortex like most pain relay networks in the CNS (Noseda & Burstein, 2013). Cortical dysexcitability, fluctuations in cortical excitability,...
CSD & Migraine with Aura In about a third of migraine patients, focal neurological disturbances known as auras are experienced as visual, motor, or sensory symptoms. Many studies have established aura in humans is analogous to CSD of Leão in other animals (Charles...
Peripheral and Central Sensitization Clinical and animal studies provide indirect evidence that the abundance of inflammatory mediators released during migraine have the ability to maintain activation and sensitization of peripheral and central trigeminovascular (TGV)...
Trigeminovascular Anatomical Pain Pathway Although precedence of either vascular or neuronal components have not been determined from clinical and experimental studies, the trigeminal system has been implicated in the generation of migraine pain (Tajti, 2012). Pain...
Genetics Population-based epidemiological surveys and twin studies greatly support the idea that MO is produced by genetic and environmental influences (Goadsby, 2013). Epidemiological evidence demonstrates methyltetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene mutation is...
