Management of osteoporosis in AS No specific guidelines are available for managing bone loss in AS. Present clinical practice guidelines in Canada involve applying FRAX or CAROC based guidelines to evaluate fracture risk (Kanis 2011,Papaioannou 2010). These guidelines...
Prevalence of fractures Osteoporosis has serious consequences, such as fractures. Fractures can cause severe pain, physical deformity, disability, poor quality of life and even mortality. In addition, they are sometimes associated with a need for long-term care...
Bone loss in AS It is now well established that patients with AS are at high risk of developing osteoporosis (Davey-Ranasinghe 2013). The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in ankylosing spondylitis, as assessed by cross sectional studies, varies from 2- 34%...
Clinical features of AS AS has a chronic disabling disease course and it affects multiple organ-systems. The onset of disease is predominantly in the teenage years and twenties. The onset at a young age exposes patients to a prolonged burden of disease. It is more...
Definition of AS Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease. It predominantly affects the axial skeleton and sacroiliac joints. AS is also the prototypic disorder of a spectrum of diseases called spondyloarthritis (SpA). AS is considered as...
Improvement of surgery duration estimation The United States health care industry currently faces numerous challenges. In an era of changes, the system faces rising costs and increased demand for its services. This is a result of an aging population and the newly...
Human Health Risk Assessment Mercury (Hg) is a natural element found in both organic and inorganic forms in the environment. It can enter the environment naturally, by re-emission, or from anthropogenic sources is the most prevalent organic form of Hg and the most...
Telemedicine and in-home technologies WearUp is a study focusing on Parkinson’s Disease (PD), its interventions, and existing wearable technologies for movement disorders. Along with the advancements of smart textiles, this study looked into the design aspects of the...
Major Motor Symptoms Parkinson’s Disease has four major motor symptoms and several non-motor symptoms. The majority of the following motor symptoms is researched from the paper published by Jankovic. In addition to the paper by Jankovic, paper published by Samii and...
Parkinson’s Disease James Parkinson described Parkinson’s Disease as a mental disorder that forces body parts into involuntary tremors according to Lorraine V. Kalia and Anthony E. Lang, the leading cause for developing PD is death of dopaminergic neurons in the...
Properties of Domestic Abuse There are several terms used to describe relationships in the area of domestic abuse, and some terms are used interchangeably in standard conversation. In this work the following definitions from Black et al. and theWorld Health...
Resin based composite restorations Resin based composite restorations are considered the material of choice in restoring anterior teeth. Anterior resin composites are used mainly to restore esthetic and functional characteristics. Thousands of anterior composite...
Factors Affecting Infant Mortality According to the World Health Organization, infant mortality rate (IMR) is the number of child deaths that occur before a child reaches the age of 1 year . Infant mortality has been the main measure of quality of health and...
Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis Stem cells are undifferentiated cells within a tissue that are functionally capable of indefinite division and self-renewal, thereby providing a regenerative pool for continuous tissue replenishment. Homeostatic regulations for cells within...
Antiangiogenic Therapy Research into the treatment of cancers has yielded a multitude of different approaches and techniques. While a growing body of attention has focused on genomics for a more personalized experience, existing treatments most commonly include...
Examining the Elbow with Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Examining the UCL of the elbow begins with the patient supine with the arm at 90 degrees of abduction, 30 degrees of elbow flexion, and maximum external rotation. Scanning can be done with and without a valgus force...
Tissue Imaging With Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Each type of tissue in the body has a different reflectivity on an ultrasound image. This allows for differentiation between structures and helps identify landmarks. Individual tissues are characterized by the amount of...
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK US) has been used to diagnose medical conditions for many years, but only recently has been used by sports medicine clinicians Advances in technology have increased the quality of images produced to the level...
Throwing The physical act of overhand throwing is an accumulation of forces generated throughout the entire body. The motion could not be completed effectively without each part functioning in a specific way. Being able to smoothly and effectively transition from...
Pitching Injury Rates When players miss games due to injury, not only does the team suffer performance wise, but the league can also lose revenue if the player is among the elite in the league. To help teams put the best team they possibly can on the field, research...
velopharyngeal (VP) mechanism The vocal tract begins above the true vocal folds and includes the nasal, oral, and pharyngeal cavities. In addition to its functions in breathing and swallowing, the vocal tract enables speech production. This region also includes the...
Cochlear Anatomy Fig 1 shows the anatomy of the human auditory system. The ear consists of 3 parts Outer ear:-The part of the ear from the outer ear up to the ear drum. Middle ear :- The cavity behind the ear drum, comprising of bones, which aid in hearing. Inner ear:...
Legal Issues AWADCC will be established as a privately held not-for-profit organization. The Center will be in position to receive funding from the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) and the California Department of Aging (CDA). According to the CDA (2014),...
Strengths The demands for adult day care services centers have increase drastically, increased beyond the estimated 5,685 adult day care centers currently operating in the United States according to the NADSA (2015). In view of the fact that more Americans are living...
Industry Description and Outlook As it relates to the total United States population, the number of elderly people in this country will grow rapidly over the next four decades. Post-World War II baby boomers, the subsequent slowing of birth rates and a declining...
Game Interfaces And Wii Balance Board Activity gaming systems provide a potentially attractive means to facilitate exercise and can be used as a tool to increase the activity levels in otherwise sedentary gamers. The commercial gaming systems are relatively...
Game Based Rehabilitation The concept of game based rehabilitation and serious games has gained much interest in recent years. Rehabilitation is used to perform biomechanical exercises to recover neuromotor abilities. Lloyd Mudiwa’s research shows that patients with...
Radiographic Appearance In order to properly deduce and diagnose, it is imperative for clinicians and researchers to understand and interpret the accuracy and limitations of CBCT diagnostic volumes. In endodontics, periapical radiographs are commonly used to determine...
CBCT Advantages and Limitations As discussed in previous sections, CBCT has been demonstrated to be an advantageous tool in dentistry, and more so in endodontics. This technology has been shown over time to be far superior to periapical conventional radiography. From...
Measuring Defects on CBCT Over time studies have tried to discern the accuracy of CBCT’s ability to measure volume. Measuring the volume of bone defects could be important for clinical evaluations before both orthograde, and surgical endodontic procedures as well as...
Periapical Radiography vs CBCT The advent of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has revolutionized dental imaging and diagnostic capabilities. here has been a significant amount of research that demonstrates the advantages of CBCT over conventional periapical ...
Digital Radiography The digital era in dentistry has revolutionized the way we practice. Advances in radiologic technology have changed the way we diagnose, treat, and store data. Digital radiography allows for less radiation exposure, less clinical time for...
Radiographic techniques In dentistry, prior to the use of CBCT or digital imaging, conventional radiographic film was the norm. As in any field of science, studies have been carried out to test and determine the best diagnostic tools. For obvious reasons, a...
Understanding Imaging Studies Before we can embark on reviewing current literature on different imaging technologies, it is important to understand the strengths and weaknesses that define them. All portions of the studies need to be assessed: the design of the study,...
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Uses and Limitations The discussion on CBCT uses can not be complete without a thorough understanding of the technology’s limitations. Many interpretation errors can occur when the clinician has a wide knowledge of the usefulness...
The Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Extensive literature has now been published on the anatomical accuracy of CBCT. Prior to initiating any experiment designed to question the perceptual-cognitive abilities of endodontists, the dimensional accuracy of a...
Achieving Nationwide Interoperability in eHealth Exchange Now known as the eHealth Exchange, the nationwide health information network that Blumenthal referred to in 2011 consists of standards, services, and policies for secure exchange over the Internet. As is the...
Foundational Interoperability Standards Adopted by the ONC In an article published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2011, Dr. David Blumenthal, who was at that time head of the ONC, defined two conditions that were required to make health information exchange...
Tongue Cancer The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates more than 30,000 new cases of oral and pharyngeal cancer are diagnosed each year . One of the most commonly affected sites of oral cancer is the lateral border of the tongue and squamous cell...
WebMD Platform What is it? WebMD is basically a public health information services provider. It is an online platform that readily makes available, health information, expertise, advice, as well as healthcare collaboration. WebMD has been around for almost 20 years....
